Democracy in America (from Tocquevilles Work) - 806 Words

De la Dà ©mocratie en Amà ©rique – Tocqueville The ideal of a democracy, like the one developed by the Americans since 1776, lies in the fact that Men were born equals. This principle of equality has been the foundation of Tocqueville’s thought. All along this book, we can notice that the causes that enable the democratic state of America to be, lies on the particular situation of this country. Indeed, America lives under a pure democracy, without any aristocratic inheritance or revolutionary passions. This country has laws, recognized and applied by â€Å"almost† everybody. However, the country also has habits and morals deeply integrated (brought about by the diverse immigration) and particularly powerful. Usually within a democracy, common†¦show more content†¦I would go even further, saying that this standard spread and that today, we are facing the abolition of the individual thought in the majority of the fields. General ideas find their source in the XVIII century, but despite all of this, those of the English differ from those of the American or the French. I think that the reason of this can come owing to the fact that human being, increasingly equal, easily accept common general ideas. The majority of the subjects covered by Tocqueville in this piece of work are still the reflection of today’s society, particularly in terms of religion, politics or high sciences in the United States. Indeed, the Americans are still passionate by politics and very attached to religion and this is due to their own history but also to their faculty to accept the general ideas emanating from the majority. With regard to sciences, Tocqueville says that the individual wants to form his own opinion. Still, all current democratic society practises the â€Å"to believe it is necessary to see†. Thus, I think that Tocqueville had not been mistaken when he said that the Man likes to check the theories before learning them. However, Tocqueville allotted this principle to the Americans only, but I would generalize it to every populations evolving in a democratic society. However, I would moderate my matter by adding that in France, we take a particular care to learn the theory than ks to the development of the universities and to theShow MoreRelated Alexis de Tocqueville?s Influence Essay596 Words   |  3 Pages Alexis de Tocqueville’s Influence nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Alexis de Tocqueville’s observation of the American prison system brought out several interesting facts about America and how it governs itself. He talks of the danger of greed for money, the importance of forming associations, and the power of influence in town government. 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This bill gave returning servicemen from World War II government aid to rejoinRead MoreThe Human Race937 Words   |  4 PagesFrom the genesis of the human race, to the present human beings have been trying to find a sense of unity (disalienation) amongst their counterparts, but power struggles and social stratification have made this a never ending attempt. Karl Marx and Alexis Tocqueville have given the reader an insight into †˜alienation’ through the course of their historic analyses. 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Differences Between Science And Pseudoscience - 1526 Words

Chapter 1: 1.1.hypothesis is a tentative prediction or proposal which is has not been validated. Only once the hypothesis has been rigorously tested by scientists can it be elevated to the status of a scientific theory or law. 1.2.The scientific method can not be used to deny or prove the existence of God due to there not being supported facts to answer questions that are asked. It is also very broad. 1.3. Controlled Experiments allows scientists to construct a situation so that only one variable is present. They are necessary to support a hypothesis because you form your questions and hypothesis off of the different experiment groups. 1.4.Make observation, ask questions, form hypothesis, test hypothesis, draw conclusion, Develop new†¦show more content†¦1.8.Unique Structural organization, metabolic processes, generative process, responsive processes, control processes 1.9.Regulation involves altering the rate of processes. Coordination occurs at several levels within an organism and also occurs at the organism level. Chapter #3: 2.1.The primary difference between organic compounds and inorganic compounds is that organic compounds always contain carbon while most inorganic compounds do not contain carbon. 2.2.The property of Catenation and its electronegativity 2.3. Simple Sugars- glucose and Fructose, Complex sugars-glycogen and cellulose 2.4. Hydrogen, Oxygen, and carbon 2.5. 1. Primary: refers to the unique sequence of amino acids in the protein. All proteins have a special sequence of amino acids, this sequence is derived from the cell s DNA. 2. Secondary : the coiling or bending of the polypeptide into sheets is referred to the protein s secondary structure. alpha helix or a beta pleated sheet are the basic forms of this level. They can exist separately or jointly in a protein. 3. Tertiary: The folding back of a molecule upon itself and held together by disulfide bridges and hydrogen bonds. This adds to the protein s stability. 4. Quaternary: Complex structure formed by the interaction of 2 or more polypeptide chains. 2.6 Structural protiens: maintaining the shape of cells and organisms. Regulator Protiens: Help determine what activities will occur in the

Effect of Media Technology on Learning Behavior free essay sample

According to the ‘Kamus Dewan’ Fourth edition, it described media electronic as tools or communication’s channel which use electronic tools such as radio, television and others (Noresah, et. al, 2005: 1011). In this study, the electronic media scope focus on television, radio, computer, Internet, and mobile phones. During the past five years, students have become more tech-savvy, classrooms across the nation have become â€Å"wired† and textbook publishers now offer several of computerized teaching supplements. The learning process at the present time use more advanced equipment and technologies such as computers, projectors, Internet, video, voice recording, mobile devices and so on in order to facilitate the teaching and learning process and at the same time attracts the students and teachers to be more effective and efficient besides not being left behind in the worlds technological stream evolution. Lowerison, Sclater, Schmid, and Abrami (2006) suggest that technology has the potential to transform the learning environment from passive to active and more subject to the control of the learner. We will write a custom essay sample on Effect of Media Technology on Learning Behavior or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When the use of technological equipments had been introduced in the classrooms, the students will be more interested to what is being teaches in front by the teachers and they tend to pay more attention to the slideshows, projectors, videos and so on rather than the used or blackboard or whiteboards back in the days. This will also allows the teachers to gain more controls over the students as they pay more attention thus will create a more effective learning process with a better learning behavior from the learners. As according to Roblyer (2003), technology may enable the learner to be more actively involved in his or her own learning. Besides, a 2001 national study showed that 87% of faculty believe computer technology enhances student learning (Epper and Bates, 2001). While technology may enhance the classroom and engage today’s student more effectively, most do not believe it replaces the need for a structured, content-driving learning process that is grounded in theory. To be effective, technology-based tools must accompany appropriate pedagogy (Laurillard, 2002). However, technology can be used well or poorly, and thus its effectiveness is dependent on how it used, by whom and for what purpose (Burbules and Callister, 2000). A recent study by Apperson, Laws and Scepansky (2006) examined the impact of PowerPoint on the students’ classroom experience. While they found no differences in grades as a result of the use of PowerPoint in the classroom, they did find that students in PowerPoint enhanced classrooms responded differently to the classroom experience. Specifically, students believed that the PowerPoint classes were better organized and more interesting. Students also rated the professor high overall and indicated that they would be more likely to take another class from that professor. Interestingly, students in PowerPoint enhanced courses also found that the instructors exhibited more positive behaviors seemingly unrelated to the use of technology, such as providing helpful feedback in a timely fashion and creating assignments that involve higher order more critical or creative thought. Other than that Apperson et al (2006) believe that the use of technology in classrooms causes students to have a more favorable attitude toward their education, and benefits accrue to instructors who utilize it in their classes. However, technology usage does not necessarily result in better teaching evaluations for faculty as students may now expect technology to be used in the classroom and no longer see it as a unique class feature that enhances their learning. To be effective, technology-based tools must accompany appropriate pedagogy (Laurillard, 2002). As McFarlane states, â€Å"computer use alone, without clear objectives and well designed tasks, is of little intrinsic value (1997). This paper continues the inquiry into the impact of technology on student perceptions of their own learning as well as their academic behavior. In addition, the acceleration of the development of telecommunications technology and developments in the industry and media organizations to improve coverage in every corner of the world without having a filter and no proper monitoring of the responsible parties allow teens vulnerable to negative influences. The youth social issues in this country are actually the result of the influence of the media industry. The development of the media industry in Malaysia has pointed to the display of popular culture as is the case in Western countries particularly the United States. Because of that, the media must be provided proper monitoring to avoid showing the elements that contribute to students moral collapse. Based on the results of a study conducted found that the students behavior problems can be a tendency for students to spend time having fun and less carry out the work worthwhile for them. For example, a statistic came out with a total of 89. 7% of the students prefer to watch reality entertainment shows like Akademi Fantasia because for them it is intended for youth talent search. In addition, 89. % of students prefer to spend time watching television and surfing the internet or chat to reduce the work pressure they face. Therefore, it is clear that most students time filled with watching the broadcast on television of spiritual fulfillment activities of students in which 88. 5% of them are lessi nvolved in the knowledge organized by the mosque. This clearly shows that spiritual fulfillment in the students the importance of developing character and good manners in a students own self (Abdullah Sulong, Mawaddah Abdullah, 2013). Ref Lowerison, G. , Sclater, J. , Schmid, R. F. and Abrami, P. C. (2006). Student Perceived Effectiveness of Computer Technology Use in Post-secondary Classrooms. Computer and Education, 47, 465-489. Roblyer, M. (2003). Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching. (3rd ed. ) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill Prentice Hall. Laurillard, D. (2002). Rethinking University Teaching: A Framework for the Effective Use of Educational Technology (2nded. ). London: Routledge. Epper, R. and Bates, A. (2001). Teaching Faculty How to Use Technology. American Council on Education. Oryx Press. Burbules, N. and Callister, T. , Jr. (2000). Watch IT: The Promises and Risk of New Information Technologies for Education. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Apperson, J. , Laws, E. , and Scepansky, J. (2006). The Impact of Presentation Graphics on Students’ Experience in the Classroom. Computers and Education, 47(1), 116-126. McFarlane, A. (1997). What Are We and How Did We Get Here? In A. McFarlane (ED. ), Information Technology and Authentic Learning: Realizing the Potential of Computers in the Primary Classroom. London, England : Routledge. (Abdullah Sulong, Mawaddah Abdullah, Pengaruh media Elektronik terhadap keruntuhan akhlak pelajar 2013)

Mercedes-Benz Essay Example

Mercedes-Benz Essay Mercedes-Benz is a multinational division of the German manufacturer Daimler AG Mercedes- benz is headquartered in Stuttgart, Banden-Wurttemberg, Germany. Mercedes-Benz traces its origins to Karl Benz’s creation of the first petrol-powered car, the Benz Patent Motorwagen, patented in January 1886. The Mercedes automobile was first marketed in 1901. The first Mercedes-Benz brand name vehicles were produced in 1926, following the merger of Karl Benzs and Gottlieb Daimlers companies into the Daimler-Benz company. Throughout the 1930s, Mercedes-Benz produced the 770 model. Mercedes-Benz has introduced many technological and safety innovations that later became common in other vehicles. Mercedes-Benz is one of the best known and established automotive brands in the world, and is also the worlds oldest automotive brand still in existence today. Mercedes-AMG became a majority owned division of Mercedes-Benz in 1998. The company was integrated into DaimlerChrysler in 1999, and became Mercedes-Benz AMG beginning on 1st January 1999. https://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz Products amp; Services : Mercedes-Benz produces luxury Automobiles, Buses, Coaches, Limousines, Vans and Trucks. Mercedes-Benz carries a full range of passenger, light commercial and heavy commercial equipment. Vehicles are manufactured in multiple countries worldwide. It also produces internal combustion engines. * Cars produced by Mercedes-Benz having many models. It also produces many sports and Racing Formula F1 Cars. The Smart marque of city cars and Maybach luxury cars are also produced by Daimler AG. * Mercedes-Benz Trucks is now part of the Daimler Trucks division, and includes companies that were part of the DaimlerChrysler merger. Gottlieb Daimler sold the worlds first truck in 1886. Mercedes-Benz produces a wide range of buses and coaches, mainly for Europe and Asia. The first model was produced by Karl Benz in 1895. * The Mercedes-Benz 600 or 600S Pullman Guard limousines offer a bulletproof option and have been used by diplomats worldwide. * Mercedes-Benz produces a range of vans including the Mercedes-Benz Vito, Mercedes-Benz Sprinter and Mercedes-Benz Vario. In 2012 it announced the Mercedes-Benz Citan, a version of the Renault Kangoo. https://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz Legal Entity : Mercedes-Benz is a multinational division of Daimler AG, which is parent company of Mercedes-Benz. We will write a custom essay sample on Mercedes-Benz specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Mercedes-Benz specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Mercedes-Benz specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It is registered as Mercedes-Benz group of companies LTD and listed in German market. The name first appeared in 1926 under Daimler-Benz. Organizational Structure : The organizational structure of Mercedes-Benz is as below : Processes: Mercedes-Benz is manufacturing Cars, Buses, Trucks, Vans amp; Couches and Limousines. Company is having a brand image and it covers the niche market international. So for the company it is mandatory to manufacture all the vehicles by looking after all the minut things in all the aspects in the manufacturing process. Company purchases some parts from the parent company Daimler AG and the other it imports from different companies situated at different countries over the world. The company manufactures the vehicles that are having very attractive look in its outer body, engines are worth efficient, Comforts are most luxurious, Uses best technology in its manufacturing part and also fit the good technology in its vehicle, and over to all this parts company never forgets the safety aspect in the manufacturing of the vehicles. The cars which are manufactured by Mercedes-Benz having its own standard in the market. Besides its native Germany, Mercedes-Benz vehicles are also manufactured or assembled in Argentina, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Canada, China, Egypt, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, Philippines, Russia, Spain, South Africa, South Korea, Thailand, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Vietnam and Jordan. * Buses : Buses manufactured by Mercedes-Benz is used in many countries for the transportation. As the buses manufactured by the company is having good facilities, it also provides healthy safety kits and exists and the most comfortable buses for the long travelling. Latest technologies are use in the buses. * Trucks : Trucks are also manufactured by Mercedes-Benz which is also used for the transportation of heavily loads. It is used in many countries over the world. Company manufacture it to lift having goods and machineries so it is compatible for its main purpose of introducing it into the market. It consist heavy suspensions and compatible controls to handle the heavy vehicle. It also has all the technology used in it. * Vans amp; Coaches : It produces Vans amp; Coaches for the purpose of short travel routes. It is made under the vision of mode of transportation as it is having capacity of a group of persons about 10-12 at a time. So it becomes easier and economical to travel a short run in this type of vans. Although it is being not that costly in travelling in its Vans there is good facilities and luxurious in it. It also has some latest technologies in its Vans amp; Coaches. * Cars : It is playing major part in its production of cars. The cars produce by Mercedes-Benz having a royalty in its brand, all parts that are used to produce this cars are most efficient and latest like the engines which are efficient and reliable, technology plays wider role in the manufacturing of cars, its is having the luxurious and prestigious comforts, cars possess the latest technology like the censors, cameras, music players, power windows and locks and power steering with the best suspensions. The cars that are manufactured by Mercedes-Benz is categorized in the form of Class like A-Class, B-Class, C-Class, CLA-Class, E-Class, R-Class, S-Class, CL-Class, CLS-Class, SL-Class, SLK-Class, G-Class, GL-Class, GLK-Class, M-Class, SLS AMG. * Limousines : Limousines are the most luxurious products produced by Mercedes-Benz. Limousines are the cars which are specially produced for the purpose of making it the most comfortable and to provide all the luxuries in the car itself. It is the outstanding product of the company but it only covers the niche market because it is the costliest product of the company. Resources : Mercedes-Benz being an international brand has many manufacturing plants situated in different countries over the world. Mercedes-Benz is having very large number of human resources. It also has many outlets all over the world. Mercedes-Benz has all the latest technologies that are used in production of its vehicles and the parts being used in the manufacturing process. Vision : MERCEDES-BENZ : â€Å"Das Beste oder nichts† means The Best or Nothing. To be the Number One in Quality, Image and Profitability in the Automotive Sector. http://www. mercedes-benz. co. id/content/indonesia/mpc/mpc_indonesia_website/enng/home_mpc/passengercars/home/about-us/mercedes_benz_indonesia/vision_and_mission. html Mission : To delight customers in everything. To continually improve the effectiveness of Quality Management System and business processes. To continually improve the quality of product and services. To have a team-oriented and open minded corporate culture involving employees through leadership and individual acceptance of delegated responsibility. To be aware of our Environment. To have professional relationship with the business partners. http://www. mercedes-benz. co. id/content/indonesia/mpc/mpc_indonesia_website/enng/home_mpc/passengercars/home/about-us/mercedes_benz_indonesia/vision_and_mission. html Environment Policy : Mercedes-Benz face the environmental challenges of the future, strive to develop processes that are highly environmentally responsible in their respective market segments, plan all stages of manufacturing to provide optimal environmental protection, offer customers environmentally oriented service and information, endeavor to achieve exemplary environmental performance in Wanaherang plant, and provide our employees and the public with comprehensive information on environmental protection. ttp://www. mercedes-benz. co. id/content/indonesia/mpc/mpc_indonesia_website/enng/home_mpc/passengercars/home/about-us/mercedes_benz_indonesia/environment_policy. html Organizational objectives : â€Å"Mercedes-Benz is the most valued and best-known premium automotive brand in the world. This brand looks for competition of the utmost quality in all relevant fields in order to continually improve its performance in the face of such new challenges†, explains Dr. Dieter Zetsche, CEO of Daimler AG and Head of Mercedes-Benz Cars. â€Å"Due to the new Formula 1 environment, we will face the competition in future on the most important motor sports stage with our own Silver Arrow works team. â€Å"Our new Silver Arrow Formula 1 team is a great sporting and technical challenge and we will tackle this with sporting spirit and full of enthusiasm. â€Å"Bearing in mind the recent outstanding success of the Abu Dhabi GP, which brought Formula One to the United Arab Emirates for the first time, it is especially exciting to realize that next year, our own cars will be in the field, with the genius of Ross Brawn, who is still deeply involved with the team, now backed by the unrivalled excellence of Mercedes-Benz across the entire spectrum of automotive technology. It is a fantastic prospect, which makes me both pleased and proud for my country. † http://amgmarket. com/tag/strategic-objectives/ Objective – 1 Mercedes-Benz has its own brand image in automotive market. It covers a niche market and brand loyalty for its quality. Mercedes-Benz has Departmental Appeals Board as its SSA. Mercedes-Benz will restructure their Formula 1 program and work hard to achieve further savings, going beyond the already completed steps for significant cost reductions and improved efficiency. Since its inception, Mercedes-Benz had maintained a reputation for its quality and durability. Objective measures looking at  passenger vehicles, such as  J. D. Power  surveys, demonstrated a downturn in reputation in these criteria in the late 1990s and early 2000s. By mid-2005, Mercedes temporarily returned to the industry average for initial quality, a measure of problems after the first 90  days of ownership, according to J. D. Power. For the first quarter of 2007, Mercedes showed dramatic improvement by climbing from 25th to 5th place and earning several awards for its models. For 2008, Mercedes-Benzs initial quality rating improved by yet another mark, to fourth place. On top of this accolade, it also received the Platinum Plant Quality Award for its Mercedes’ Sindelfingen, Germany assembly plant. US Initial Quality and Vehicle Dependability Studies both ranked Mercedes-Benz vehicles above average in build quality and reliability, Mercedes cars rated above average. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz#Quality_rankings Objective – 2 The German luxury car-manufacturer has been around for more than a century, having elegantly drifted  the both smooth and rough curves of automobile history. Responsible for the modern internal combustion engines genesis, the fathers of the Mercedes-Benz brand practically invented the automobile. Many years ago when mahogany canes and high-top hats were the ultimate fashion and social prominence statements, two men by the names of Karl Benz and Gottlieb Daimler were busy freeing the world from horse-powered   transportation. The 1886 archetype of the modern engine, their device was not a result of team-work but of independent and synchronous research and development. Although both lived in Southern Germany, they never actually met if historical accounts are to be believed. Despite the equal share of the two engineers contribution to the development of the four-stroke petrol engine, it was Gottlieb Daimler who garnered more attention that would eventually lead to world-spread fame. Following Daimlers successful results in racing, a wealthy Austrian business man by the name of Emil Jellinek became interested in the Unterturkheim-built cars. Daimler and his chief-engineer, Wilhelm Maybachs work had pleased Jellinek to the extent of him approaching the two with a business proposal: a large number of cars would be ordered in exchange to a name change from Daimler to Mercedes – Jellinek daughters name    and the right to alter the cars designs as well as the right to resell the vehicles in some European countries, including Austria, France and Belgium. Well before the WWI outbreak, Gotllieb Daimler had gained a reputation for his vehicles that was greater than that of Benz. However, the latter would   strive to keep up, managing to stay close to Daimlers tail. In 1908, both manufacturers shared the podium with winnings in the French Grand Prix. http://www. studymode. com/essays/Mercedes-Benz-Strategic-Changes-767800. html Objective – 3 Mercedes Benz is a for-profit company. Just like all other for-profit companies, the number one objective is to make money. There are other core values such as being a leader in active and passive safety features, environmental leader, being a prestigious company, retaining customer loyalty, etc. However, if they do not make money at the end of the day, they cannot provide any of those other things. Mercedes-Benz Cars has a goal of raising the operating margin to at least 10 percent of sales next year from 9 percent last year. The division’s first-quarter return on sales slipped to 8. 4 percent from 9. 3 percent a year earlier. Zetsche, who also leads the Mercedes-Benz Cars division, has repeatedly called 2012 a year of transition for reaching 2013 profitability targets. By the end of the decade, Daimler wants to recapture its leading position among the luxury-car makers, pursuing the same goal as Volkswagen AG’s Audi brand. Bayerische Motoren Werke AG (BMW), which overtook Mercedes-Benz in global luxury-vehicle sales in 2005, will release quarterly earnings on May 3. Mercedes-Benz is spending to build and introduce 10 completely new models on the market by 2015 to rejuvenate the brand, including converting the A-Class compact into a sportier car. The brand has a target by that year of delivering 1. 6 million vehicles, a figure BMW surpassed in 2011 with its namesake marque and British subsidiary Mini combined. http://www. bloomberg. com/news/2012-04-27/daimler-quarterly-earnings-unexpectedly-rise-on-mercedes-demand. html Standard Setting Authority : http://www. diss. fu-berlin. de/diss/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/FUDISS_derivate_000000001108/04_Kapitel4. pdf? hosts=

Lord Of The Flies Essays (910 words) - English-language Films

Lord Of The Flies Essays (910 words) - English-language Films Lord Of The Flies All humans have free will. All the major characters in Lord of the Flies are human! And to take it one step further they are children. I think this is reason enough to explain why there are significant weaknesses in their personalities, which in the end lead to develop chaos on the island. Most of these weaknesses are exposed through out the book by temptation. When on this island the boys lose sight of sense and being rescued by taking up practices and adventures such as hunting and tribal dances. Take Jack for example, in our modern day society, the kind of child that Jack is would simply be labeled a little snot. He is a arrogant, power thirsting boy who craves stature and knows how to reach the top; he could be compared to a ruthless businessman of our times. If we were to label his personality weaknesses I would easily make the word length requirement for this essay, but when summarized they all come down to evil. In the Lord of the Flies, Jack is indeed responsible for a majority of bad events and trickery. Whether it is stealing fire, even though it would have been given, or leading people away from the one person who wants to help them and get them saved. This to me shows a comparison to Satan and Jesus. In the bible we are told that in order to be saved, (rescued) we are to stay with Jesus. Satan then comes and lures people away with trickery and adventures and makes Jesus despised and a outcast. Jack much like Satan tempted the children to join his camp through games, meat and hunting. Also Ralph much like Jesus offered a stable but fulfilled life through shelters, rules and regulations. Ralph does not impose these rules to be cruel and mean, but so things run in order and everyone is benefited. When comparing Ralph to Jesus it is only in the fact that in order for people to be saved they should follow Ralph, but Jack tempts them and they leave. Because Ralph himself although a better and fairer leader is not at all perfect and has significant weakness in his personality as well. Ralph to falls victim to the temptation of hunting and savagery and on page 188 he joins in with the murder of Simon. Jack invites everyone to his camp for a feast of meat that they gained through a bloody death of a sow. Ralph goes to have a look and is curious through this temptation and then gets caught up in the dance and murder frenzy. In the Lord of the Flies Piggy seems to take up the role of a disabled person, he can never join in and is constantly teased for this reason of simply being different. This creates a extremely low self-esteem problem and this brings out his personality weaknesses. Piggy always has a suggestion at the assemblies and always gives his point of view, by doing this I believe he makes himself venerable and the others take advantage. When Ralph made up the rules of the conch on page 43, Piggy is the first boy to take the conch out of Ralphs hand and say something. To me this shows that for Piggy to gather up confidence he needs to look outside of himself for a source of power. This is shown in chapter 5, Best on Water, when Ralph made a remark about Piggy sticking up to Jack, and Piggy says I had the conch, I had the right to speak without this right I doubt that Piggy would stand up for himself. Piggy lives for the rules and is the only one who truly lives by them and I think this is symbo lized by it being smashed when the massive boulder kills Piggy. Although the Island itself cant be described as a character it is in a way similar. It at first seems perfect like the Garden of Eden and all things function perfectly, or do they? For example in what sort of paradise would the fruit give diarrhea and stomach cramps. Also every time the boys venture inside the jungle it is mentioned that

Thomas Hardy Quotes From Tess of the dUrberville

Thomas Hardy Quotes From 'Tess of the d'Urberville' Tess of the dUrberville is a tragedy. The novel details the loss of innocence and the ultimate destruction of a young girl. The novel was one of the last novels by Thomas Hardy, who is also famous for Jude the Obscure. Here are a few quotes from Tess of the dUrberville. I dont know; but I think so. They sometimes seem to be like the apples on our stubbard-tree. Most of them splendid and sound - a few blighted.- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 4 I wont sell his old body. When we dUrbervilles was knights in the land, we didnt sell our chargers for cats meat. Let em keep their shillings! Heve served me well in his lifetime, and I wont part from him now.- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 4 Thus, the thing began. Had she perceived this meetings import she might have asked why she was doomed to be seen and coveted that day by the wrong man, and not by some other man, the right and desired one in all respects...- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 5 Out of the frying pan into the fire!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 10 But some might say, where was Tesss guardian Angel? Where was the providence of her simple faith? Perhaps... he was talking, or he was pursuing, or he was in a journey, or he was sleeping and not to be awaked... As Tesss own people down in those retreats are never tired of saying among each other in their fatalistic way: It was to be.- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 11 My life looks as if it had been wasted for want of chances! When I see what you know, what you have read, and seen, and thought, I feel what a nothing I am!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 19 I cant bear to let anybody have him but me! Yet it is wrong Tess him, and may kill him when he knows!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 28 Yes; at that dance on the green; but you would not dance with me. O, I hope that is no ill-omen for us now!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 30 you always courting me, and always thinking as much of me as you have done through the past summertime!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 32 You are very good. But it strikes me that there is a want of harmony between your present mood of self-sacrifice and your past mood of self-preservation.- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 35 I agree to the conditions, Angel; because you know best what my punishment ought to be; only - only - dont make it more than I can bear!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 37 She would have laid down her life for ee. I could do no more.- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 40 You, and those like you, take your fill of pleasure on earth by making the life of such as me bitter and black with sorrow; and then it is a fine thing when you have had enough of that, to think of securing your pleasure in heaven by becoming converted!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 45 How can I pray for you, when I am forbidden to believe that the great Power who moves the world would alter his plans on my account?- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 46 You have been the cause of my backsliding, he continued, stretching his arm towards her waist; you should be willing to share it, and leave that mule you call husband forever.- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 47 Remember, my lady, I was your master once! I will be your master again. If you are any mans wife you are mine!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 47 O why have you treated me so monstrously, Angel! I do not deserve it. I have thought it all over carefully, and I can never, never forgive you! You know that I did not intend to wrong you - why have you so wronged me? You are cruel, cruel indeed! I will try to forget you. It is all injustice I have received at your hands!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 51 his original Tess had spiritually ceased to recognize the body before him as hers - allowing it to drift, like a corpse upon the current, in a direction disassociated from its living will.- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 55 O, you have torn my life all to pieces... made me be what I prayed you in pity not to make me be again!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 56 And the dUrberville knights and dames slept on in their tombs unknowing.- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 59

Patterns of Italian immigration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Patterns of Italian immigration - Essay Example In contrary, to the modern Italy primarily united states, immigration has characterized the whole development. Italian immigration the United States has been on the way out and the consistency of these new arrivals has significantly changed in the recent years. For the stabilization of Italy population, there was a continuous immigration from North Africa and Eastern Europe. The present Italian immigrants in America have a good education, driven by the career, and their primary focus is the preserving of their language and culture (Barkan 42). The difference that can be seen in the present and the early immigrants are that those who migrated in the last centuries were poor, no education and they lacked skills. Ignorance of the government to people’s interests and needs is the primary cause that led to the massive immigration of Italians to the United States having in mind that they will be served accordingly. Looking for an advanced better life within a free society that is pr otected by the constitution. The making of the individual rights to be a priority; was also another factor that let the Italians make a move to the new world. The immigration, on the other hand, was driven by the uniqueness of the American civilization features which distinguishes it from other European countries. Influence of the American natural environment and the American culture. The culture was attributed to two fundamental factor; the impulse and the inspirations, this compelled men and women to leave not only in European countries, but also across the Atlantic.

Intercultural communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Intercultural communication - Essay Example This happens when cultural differences interfere in the interpretation of the message, wherein difficulties may arise, as well as misunderstandings and hatred. Surface-structure cultural transfer comes in either the language form or the speech act. The language form involves understanding of the different lexical culture, such a vacant words, words with strong cultural connotation, idioms, proverbs and polite formulas. Since native speakers acquire them unconsciously, second language learners learn them according to their own cultural background. On the other hand, speech act may only be avoided if the people involved in the communication process should take time in analyzing first the culture of the speaker in which the speech is delivered. The negative transfer of deep-structure culture, on the other hand, occurs in situations where individuals have varying cultural values, thought patterns, religious beliefs and ethics. In Wei’s study of Chinese and the American intercultural communication, culture plays a big factor in the negative transfer of ideas. China, as a country driven by collectivism, puts emphasis on the views, needs and goals of the in-group (relatives, clans, organizations) rather than oneself; social norms and duty defined by the in-group rather than behavior to get pleasure; beliefs shared with the in-group rather than beliefs that distinguish self from in-group; great readiness to cooperate with in-group members. In contrast, American culture is deeply rooted in individualism, thus the interpretation of these two cultures vary. In addition, Chinese associate and depend their decision according to their past experiences. They give emphasis on their past such that they believe that the past guide s them for their actions in the present. However, Americans believe the other way. They give more emphasis on the future such that they give much attention to what would happen next rather than look at the

October Sky Essay Example for Free

October Sky Essay October Sky (1999) is one of those classic feel-good movies that leave its viewers feeling as though they are capable of anything with the right amount of effort. What makes this story in particular so compelling is that it is based on a true story. Homer Hickam, the film’s protagonist appeared to be just another kid from Coalwood, West Virginia that was destined to spend his life in the mines. However, he and his friends end up building rockets, studying physics and escaping the bleak future that lay before them. In the end, he and his friends Roy Lee and Quentin are able to leave the old mining town and become successful in their careers as engineers. My three favorite characters were Homer, Roy Lee, and Miss Riley—the teacher that went beyond the call of duty. Homer Hickam is such a likeable character because he is like everyman. He comes from a working class family, and does not seem to be a prodigy of any kind. Instead, he is passionate, ambitious and determined to go his own way in life, staying up late learning complex physics and mathematical problems and rocket design. Although his ambitions for his life differ remarkably from his father’s wishes for him, he demonstrates that it is possible to have total respect for someone anyway. In a conversation with his father he says, â€Å"Dad, I may not be the best, but I come to believe that I got it in me to be somebody in this world. And it’s not because I’m so different from you either, it’s because I’m the same. I mean, I can be just as hardheaded, and just as tough. I only hope I can be as good a man as you. Sure, Werner von Braun is a great scientist, but he isn’t my hero† (Homer Hickam, October Sky). Roy Lee was the second rocket boy that also aspired to leave the town as he did not want to die of black lung disease as his father had. He always had a smart comment for anything, mentioning that if they do not succeed in creating a rocket that worked, that neither he nor his friends would ever become non-virgins. He also had a flair for making fun of Quentin’s ‘hot gases. ’ Though his humor endears him to the viewers, his motives for success are actually more common than Homer’s. While Homer wants to learn about engineering and live a better life, Roy Lee wants to succeed because it will most likely get him laid. His friendship with Homer was solid. Miss Riley is a small, supporting role in this drama, and her story is the most tragic. After teaching for a few years, she passed away from Hodgkin’s disease at the age of thirty-two. She was the main force behind Homer’s success as she encouraged the trio to enter the state science fair and deepen their study of physics and mathematics, often working with them after hours. Now there is an award created in her name because of her uncommon dedication. Although his father appeared to be the main antagonist of the story in terms of actively discouraging Homer from his quest, it becomes quickly apparent that he believes that it would be less painful for his son if he would give up these dreams of space flight and settle down to more â€Å"practical matters. † Still, he comes across as difficult to like, he is authoritarian, aggressive, and completely unsupportive of his son. His wife and Homer both believe that the mine is his entire life and that he loves it more than his family. Unfortunately, the mines are one of the only places in the area where men can provide decently well for their families and it is unlikely that he had trained to do anything else. One of the few true movies around that show that one can succeed with a dream and a team of supportive people behind them, even in the most dire of circumstances. This is especially refreshing because many true stories on the cinematic screen often have such tragic endings.

Cyber Crime and Cyber Law Essay -- Internet Security, Cybercrime, Onli

Introduction Recently, the Internet has become the most significant technology in all over the world, which is not only used by the people to contact with each other but also utilized by the business organizations to become global (Taylor, Caeti, Loper, Fritsch & Liederbach, 2006). Computer and internet enable the business organizations to execute the Electronic commerce business model, which has become very popular. Computers and Internet are a powerful source in the success of globalization and international business. Computers are being used worldwide and due to this, cyber crimes are increasing continuously with a rapid growth (Cheeseman, 2006). These types of crimes have become a matter of importance for the consumers as well the business firms because it involves large eviction of the amount in terms of money. In these types of crimes, computer and Internet are the primary factor (Spinello, 2000). A high percentage of population is using computers in the Australia, United States as well as other developed nations. These people are much more connected with the world by the use of internet. They are using the computer for fun, business, e-commerce, e-marketing, etc.; thus, it has become an essential part of life and daily routine (Wall, 2008). Cyber crime has become an important concern for not only the business firms, government, law enforcement agencies but also for the common people because these kinds of issues are related to the consumer’s day-to-day activity (Polivanyuk, 2005). Due to these types of crimes, consumer’s money, children, business organization’s integrity, consumer and company’s privacy, etc. are in danger. This is an illegal activity and to remove this crime from the society is very important for a brig... ...Fighting_Cybercrime_-Technical,Juridical_and_Ethical_Challenges.pdf McAdams, T., Neslund, N. & Neslund, K., 2004, Law, Business and Society, 7th Edition, New York: McGraw-Hill Companies. Polivanyuk, V., 2005, ‘Computer Crime: New Kind of Professional Crime’, Web. 28 May 2015. Spinello, R., 2000, Cyber Ethics: Morality and Law in Cyberspace, eds., New York: Jones & Bartlett Publishers. Taylor, R.W., Caeti, T.J., Loper, D.K., Fritsch, E.J. & Liederbach, J., 2006, Digital Crime and Digital Terrorism, 1st Edition, New York: Pearson Education, Inc. Wall D., 2008, ‘Cybercrime, Media and Insecurity: The Shaping of Public Perceptions of Cybercrime’, International Review of Law, Computers and Technology, vol. 22, no. 1-2, pp. 45-63. Yar, M., 2006, Cybercrime and Society, eds. Sage Publications.

Nature of Financial Management

Chapter 3 – NATURE OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT What is finance Finance can be defined as he art and science of managing money. Virtually all individuals and organizations earn or raise money and spend or invest money. Finance is concerned with the process, institutions, markets and instruments involved in the transfer of money among individuals, business and governments. Nature of Financial Management Financial Management as an academic discipline has undergone fundamental changes as regard its scope and coverage.In the earlier years, it was treated synonymously with the raising of funds. In the later years, its broader scope, included in addition to procurement of funds, efficient use of resources. Scope of Financial Management Financial is broadly concerned with the acquisition and use of funds by a business firm. The important tasks of financial management, as related to the above, may be categorized as follows: – A. Financial Analysis, Planning and Control †¢ Analy sis of financial condition and preference †¢ Profit Planning †¢ Financial forecasting †¢ Financial Control B.Investing †¢ Management of current assets (cash, marketable securities, receivables and inventories) †¢ Capital Budgeting (identification, selection and implementation of capital projects) †¢ Managing of mergers, reorganizations and divestments C. Financing †¢ Identification of sources of finance and determination of financing mix †¢ Cultivating sources of funds and raising funds †¢ Allocation of profits between dividends and retained earnings Important Topics in Financial Management Table 1. 1 Balance Sheet and Topics in Financial Management Share CapitalEquityCapital Structure and Cost of Capital Preference Reserves and Surplus Debentures Unsecured Loan Current Liabilities & ProvisionsWorking Capital Trade CreditorsFinancing Policy Provisions Fixed Assets (Net)Capital Budgeting Gross Block Less Depreciation InvestmentSecurity Ana lysis Current Assets, Loans and Advances Cash and bank balancesCash Management ReceivablesReceivables Management InventoriesInventory Policy Loans and Advances Miscellaneous Expenditure and Losses Table 1. 2 Income statement and Topics in Financial Management Net SalesRevenue risk Cost of goods SoldMaterials and stocks Wages and Salaries Other Manufacturing Expenses Gross ProfitGross profit margin Operating Expenses Selling and Administration Expenses DepreciationDepreciation Policy Operating Profit Non operating surplus / deficit Earnings before interest and taxBusiness risk InterestFinancial risk Profit before tax TaxTax planning Profit after taxReturn on equity DividendsDividend policy Retained Earnings Goals / Objectives of Financial Management- Traditional Approach – It has been traditionally been argued that the objective of a company is to earn profit.This means that the finance manager has to make decision in a manner that the profit is maximised. Each alternative, th erefore, is to be seen as to whether or not it gives maximum profit. Profit maximization objective gives rise to a number of problems as below: – i) Profit maximization concept should be considered in relation to risks involved. There is a direct relationship between risk and profit. Many risky propositions yield high profit. Higher the risk, higher is the possibility of profits. If profit maximization is the only goal, then risk factor is altogether ignored. i) Profit maximization, as an objective does not take into account time pattern of return. Proposal A may give a higher amount of profits compared to proposal B, yet if the returns begin to flow say 10 years later, proposal B may be preferred which may have lower overall profits but the returns flow is more early and quick. iii) Profit maximization, as an objective is too narrow. It fails to take into account the social considerations as also the obligations to various interests of workers, consumers, society as well as ethical trade practices.Further, most business leaders believe that adoption of ethical standards strengthen their competitive positions. iv) Profits do not necessarily result in cash flows available to the stockholder. Owners receive cash flow in the form of either cash dividends paid to them or proceeds from selling their shares for a higher price than paid initially. Modern Approach – The alternative to profit maximization is wealth maximization. This is also known as Value maximization or Net Present Worth maximization. Value is represented by the market price of the company’s equity shares.Prices in the share market at a given point of time, are the result of many factors like general economic outlook, particular outlook if the companies under consideration, technical factors and even mass psychology. However taken on a long-term basis, the share market prices of a company’s shares do reflect the value, which the various parties put on a company. Normally, the value is a function of two factors (i) The likely rate of earnings per share of a company (EPS) and (ii) The capitalization rateEPS are calculated by dividing the periods total earnings available for the firm’s common shares by the number of shares of common shares outstanding. The likely rate of earnings per share (EPS) depends on the assessment as to how profitably a company is going to operate in the future. The capitalisation rate reflects the liking of the investors for a company. If the company earns a higher rate of earning per share through risky operations or risky financing pattern, the investors will not look upon its shares with favour. To that extent, the market value of the shares of such a company will be low.If a company invests its fund in risky ventures, the investors will put in their money if they get higher return as compared to that from a low risk share. The market value of a firm is a function of the earning per share and the capitalisation rate. S uppose the Earning per share are expected to be Rs. 7 for a share, and the capitalisation rate expected by the shareholder is 20 per cent, the market value of the share is likely to be 7 7 x 100 —— = ———- = Rs. 5 20% 20 This is so because at this price, the investors have an earning of 20%, something they expect from a company with this degree of risk. The important issues relating to maximizing share prices are Economic Value Added (EVA) and the focus on stakeholders. Economic Value Added (EVA) is a popular measure used by many firms to determine whether an investment – proposed or existing – contribute positively to the owner’s wealth. EVA is calculated by subtracting, the cost of funds used to finance or investment from its after-tax-operations profits.Investments with positive EVA increase shareholder value as those with negative EVA reduce shareholders value. For example, the EVA of an investment with after tax operation s profits of Rs. 510,000 and associated financing costs of Rs. 475,000 would be Rs. 35,000 (i. e. Rs. 410,000 – 375,000) Because this EVA is positive, the investment is expected to increase owner wealth and is therefore acceptable. What about Stakeholders? Stakeholders are group such as employees, customers, suppliers, creditors, owners and others who have a direct economic link to the firm.A firm with a stakeholder focus consciously avoids actions that would prove detrimental to stakeholders. The goal is not to maximize stakeholder well being but to preserve it. It is expected to provide long run benefit to shareholders by maintaining positive stakeholder relationships. Such relationship should minimize stakeholder turnover, conflicts and litigation. Clearly, the firm can better achieve its goal of shareholder wealth maximization by maintaining cooperation with other stakeholders rather than having conflict with them. The Role of ethics – Ethics is standards of conduc t or moral judgment.Today the business community in general and the financial community in particular are developing and enforcing ethical standards, purpose being to motivate business and market participants to adhere to both the letter and the spirit of laws and regulations concerned with business and professional practice. An effective ethics program is believed to enhance corporate value. An ethics program can reduce potential litigation and judgment costs, maintain a positive corporate image, and build shareholders confidence, and gain the loyalty, commitment and respect of the firms stakeholders.Such actions, by maintaining and enhancing cash flow and reducing perceived risk, can positively affect the firm’s share prices. Ethical behaviour is therefore viewed as necessary for achieving the firm’s goal of owner wealth maximization. Place of Finance function in the organization structure: – The finance function is almost the same in most enterprises. The det ails may differ but the important features are universal in nature. The finance function occupies such a major place that it cannot be the sole responsibility of the executive.The important aspects of the finance function have to be carried on by the top management i. e. the Managing Director and the Board of Directors. It is the Board of Directors, which makes all the material final decisions involving finance. Financial management in many ways is an integral part of the jobs of managers who are involved in planning, allocation of resources and control. The responsibilities for financial management are disposed throughout the organization. For example: †¢ The engineer, who proposes a new plant, shapes the investment policy of the firm. The marketing analyst provides inputs in the process of forecasting and planning. †¢ The purchase manager influences the level of investment in inventories. †¢ The sales manager has a say in the determination of receivable policy. â₠¬ ¢ Departmental managers, in general, are important links in the financial control system of the firm. The chief financial officer (CFO) is basically to assist the top management. He has an important role to contribute to good decision making on issues, which involve all the functional areas of the business. He must clearly bring out financial implications of all decisions and make them understood.CFO (his designation vary from company to company) works directly under the President or the Managing Director of the company. Besides routine work he keeps the Board of Directors informed about all the phases of business activity, including economic, social and political developments affecting the business behaviour. He also furnishes information about the financial status of the company by reviewing from time to time. The CFO may have different officers under him to carry out his functions. Broadly, the functions are divided into two parts. (i) Treasury function (ii) Control functionTre asury function (headed by financial manager) is commonly responsible for handling financial activities, such as financial planning and fund raising, making capital expenditures decisions, managing cash, managing credit activities, managing the pension fund and managing foreign exchange. The control function (headed by Chief Accountant / Financial Controller) typically handles the accounting activities such as corporate accounting, tax management, financial accounting and cost accounting. The treasurer’s focus tends to be more external, the controllers focus more internal: – BOARD OF DIRECTORSManaging Director/President V. P ProductionV. P FinanceV. P Sales Treasurer Controller Credit Cash Banking PortfolioCorporate Taxes Internal Budgeting Management Management Relation ManagementGeneral Audit Accounting & Cost Accounting Fig 1. 1 Organization chart of finance function Relationship of field of finance with economics – The field of finance is closely related to e conomics. Financial managers must understand the economic framework and be alert to the consequences of varying levels of economic activity and changes in economic policy.They must be able to use economic theories as guidance for efficient business operation. Examples include supply-demand analysis, profit-maximizing strategies, and price theory. The primary economic principle used in managerial function is marginal analysis, the principle that financial decisions should be made and actions taken only when the added benefits exceed the added costs. Nearly all-financial decisions ultimately come down to an assessment of their marginal benefits and marginal costs. Relationship to Accounting – The firm’s finance (treasurer) and accounting (controller) activities are closely related and generally overlap.Normally managerial finance and accounting are not often easily distinguishable. In small firms the Controller often carries out the finance function and in large firms ma ny accountants are also involved in various finance activities. There are two basic differences between finance and accounting: – i) Emphasis on cash flows: – The accountant’s primary function is to develop and report data for measuring the performance of the firm, assuming its financial position and paying taxes using certain standardized and generally accepted principles. The accountant prepares financial statements based on accrual basis.The financial manager places primary emphasis on cash flows, the inflow and outflow of cash. ii) Relating to decision-making: – Accountants devote most of their operation to the collection and presentation of financial data. The primary activities of the financial manager in addition to ongoing involvement in financial analysis and planning are making investment decisions and making financing decisions. Investment decisions determine both the mix and the type of assets held by the firm. Financing decisions determine bo th the mix and the type of financing used by the firm.However the decisions are actually made on the basis of cash flow effects on the overall value of the firm. Interface with other Functions – Finance is defined as the lifeblood of an organization. It is a common thread, which binds all the organizational functions as each function when carried out creates financial implications. The interface between finance and other functions can be described as follows: – Manufacturing Finance – i) Manufacturing function necessitates a large investment. Productive use of resources ensures a cost advantage for the firm. i) Optimum investment in inventories improves profit margin. iii) Many parameters of the production cost having effect on production cost are possible to control through internal management thus improving profits. iv) Important production decisions like make or buy can be taken only after financial implications have been considered. Marketing Finance  œ i) Many aspects of marketing management have financial implications e. g. hold inventories to provide off the shelf service to customers and thus increase sales; extension of credit facility to customers to increase sales. i) Marketing strategies to increase sales have additional cost impact, which needs to be weighed carefully against incremental revenue. Personnel Finance – In the global competitive scenario business firms are moving to leaner and flat organizations. Investments in Human Resource Development are also bound to increase. Restructuring of remuneration structure, voluntary retirement schemes, sweat equity etc. have become major financial decisions in the area of human resource management. Strategic Planning – Finance –Finance function is an important tool in the hands of management for strategic planning and control on two counts – i) The decision variables when converted into monetary terms are easier to grasp. ii) Finance function has s trong inter-linkages with other functions. Controlling other functions through finance route is possible. Methods and Tools of Financial Management – i) In the area of Financing – Funds are procured from long-term sources as well as short-term sources. Long-term funds may be made available by owners, i. e. hareholders, lenders through issue of debentures / bonds, from financial institutions, banks and public at large. Short-term funds may be procured from commercial banks, suppliers of goods, public deposits etc. The finance manager has to decide on optimum capital structure with a view to maximize shareholder’s wealth. Financial leverage or trading on equity is an important method by which return to shareholders can be increased. ii) For evaluating capital expenditure (investment) decisions, a finance manager uses various methods such as average rate of return, payback, internal rate of return, net present value and profitability index. ii) In the area of worki ng capital management there are various methods for efficient utilization of current resources at the disposal of the firm, thus increasing profitability. The centralized method of cash management is considered a better method of managing liquid resources of the firm. iv) In the area of dividend decision, a firm is faced with the problem of declaring dividend or postponing dividend declaration, a problem of internal financing. There are tools to tackle such situation. v) For the evaluation of a firm’s performance there are different methods.For example, ratio analysis is a popular technique to evaluate different aspects of a firm. vi) The main concern of the finance manager is to provide adequate funds from the best possible source, at the right time and the minimum cost and to ensure that the funds so acquired are put to best possible use through various methods / techniques are used to determine that funds have been procured from the best possible available services and the funds have been used in the best possible way: Funds flow and cash flow statements and projected financial statements help a lot in this regard.The changing role of Financial Management in India – Modern Financial Management has come a long way from the traditional corporate finance. The finance Manager is working in a challenging environment, which changes continuously. As the economy is opening up and global resources are being tapped, the opportunities available to finance manager have no limits. At the same time one must understand the risk in the decisions. Financial management is passing through an area of experimentation and excitement, as a large part of the finance activities carried out today were not heard a few years ago.A few instances are enumerated below: – i) Interest rates have been deregulated, further interest rates are fluctuating, and minimum cost of capital necessitates anticipating interest rate movements. ii) Rupee has become freely convertible in current account. iii) Optimum debt equity mix is possible. The firms have to take advantage of the financial leverage to increase the shareholders wealth. However financial leverage entails financial risk. Hence a correct trade off between risk and improved rate of return to shareholders is a challenging task. v) With free pricing of issues, the optimum price of new issue is a challenging task, as overpricing results in under subscription and loss of investor confidence whereas under pricing leads to unwarranted increase in number of shares and also reduction of earnings per share. v) Maintaining share prices is crucial. In the liberalized scenario the capital markets is the important avenue of funds for business. The dividend and bonus policies framed, has a direct bearing on the share prices. i) Ensuring management control is vital especially in the light of foreign participation in equity (which is backed by huge resources) making the firm an easy takeover target. Existing ma nagements may loose control in the eventuality of being unable to take up the share entitlements. Financial strategies to prevent this are vital to the present management. Forms of Business Organization – The three most common forms of business organization are the sole proprietorship, the partnership and the company.Other specialized forms of business organizations also exist. Sole proprietorship are the most In terms of total receipts and net profits corporate form of business dominate. Sole Proprietorship – A sole proprietorship is a business owned by one person who runs for his own profit. Majority of the business firms are sole proprietorships. The typical sole proprietorship is a small business e. g. bakeshop, personal trainer or plumber. The majority of sole proprietorship is found in the wholesale, retail, service and construction industries.Typically, the proprietor along with few employees runs the business. He raises capital from personal resources or by bor rowing and is responsible for all business decisions. The sole proprietor has unlimited liability, towards creditors not restricted to the amount originally invested. The key strengths and weaknesses of sole proprietorship are given in table 1. 3. Partnership – A partnership firm is a business run by two or more persons for profit.Partnership accounts for the next majority of business and they are typically larger than sole proprietorship. Finance, legal and real estate firms often have large number of partners. Most partnerships are established by a written contract known as ‘Deed of Partnership’. In partnership, all partners have unlimited liability for all the debts of the partnership. In India, partnership is governed by the Partnership Act, 1932. Strengths and weaknesses or partnerships are summarized in Table 1. 3. Company Form –A company form of business is a legal entity, separated from the owners, with perpetual succession. Just like an individual , the company can sue and be sued, make and be party to contracts and acquire property in its own name. The company form of organization is the dominant form of business organization in terms of receipts and profits. Although, corporations are involved in all types of business, manufacturing corporation account for the largest portion of corporate business receipts and net profits.The key strengths and weaknesses of corporate form are summarized in Table 1. 3. The owners of the company are its shareholders, whose ownership is evidenced by either common shares or preference shares. Shareholders get a return by receiving dividends i. e. periodic distribution of earnings or gains through increase in share price. Owner’s liability is limited to the amount paid on their shares. Shareholder elects the Board of Directors through vote.The Board of Directors has the ultimate authority in running the organization including making the general policy. The President or Chief Executive Off ice (CEO) is responsible for managing day to day operations and carrying out the policies established by the Board. The CEO is required to report periodically to the firm’s board of directors. The corporate form of business are subject to strict control by Regulatory Agencies including Companies Ac, 1956, SEBI, etc. Table I – Strengths and weaknesses of the common forms of business organizations Sole Proprietorship |Partnership |Company | | | | | |Strengths | | | | | | | |Owners receive all profits and incurs all losses |Can raise more funds than the sole proprietorship |Owners liability is limited to the extent paid on | | |their shares | |Low organizational costs |Borrowing powers enhanced by more owners | | | | |Can achieve large size via sale of shares | | |More available manpower and managerial skill | | |Income is included and taxed on owners personal tax | |Ownership (share) is readily transferable | |return |Income included and mixed on individual partnerâ€⠄¢s tax | | | |return |Long life of the firm | |Independence | | | | | |Can have professional managers | |Secrecy | | | | | |Has better access to financing | |Ease of dissolution | | | | | |Receives some tax advantage | | | | | | | | | |Weaknesses – |Owners have unlimited liability and may have to cover | | | |debts of other partners |Taxes generally higher, because corporate income is | |Owner has unlimited liability towards debt of the firm| |taxed and dividends paid to owners are also taxed. | |Partnership is dissolved when partner dies |(the latter has been exempted at the hands of the | |Limited fund raising power limits growth | |shareholders in India) | | |Difficult to liquidate or transfer partnership | | |Proprietor must be jack-of-all trades | |More expensive to organize than other forms of | | | |business | |Difficult to give employees long-run career | | | |opportunities | |Subject to greater control by regulating authorities | | | | | |Lacks continuity when pro prietor dies or unable to | |Lacks secrecy since the shareholders must receive | |operate | |financial reports at periodic intervals | | | | | Limited Liability Partnership A limited liability partnership (LLP) is a partnership in which some or all partners (depending on the jurisdiction) have limited liability.It therefore exhibits elements of partnerships and corporations. In an LLP, one partner is not responsible or liable for another partner's misconduct or negligence. This is an important difference from that of an unlimited partnership. In an LLP, some partners have a form of limited liability similar to that of the shareholders of a corporation. In some countries, an LLP must also have at least one â€Å"general partner† with unlimited liability. Unlike corporate shareholders, the partners have the right to manage the business directly. In contrast, corporate shareholders have to elect a board of directors under the laws of various state charters.The board organizes it self (also under the laws of the various state charters) and hires corporate officers who then have as â€Å"corporate† individuals the legal responsibility to manage the corporation in the corporation's best interest. An LLP also contains a different level of tax liability from that of a corporation. Limited liability partnerships are distinct from limited partnerships in some countries, which may allow all LLP partners to have limited liability, while a limited partnership may require at least one unlimited partner and allow others to assume the role of a passive and limited liability investor. As a result, in these countries, the LLP is more suited for businesses where all investors wish to take an active role in management. There is considerable confusion between LLPs as constituted in the U. S. nd that introduced in the UK in 2001 and adopted elsewhere  Ã¢â‚¬â€ see below  Ã¢â‚¬â€ since the UK LLP is, despite the name, specifically legislated as a Corporate body rat her than a Partnership. India The Limited Liability Partnership Act 2008 was published in the official Gazette of India on January 9, 2009 and has been notified with effect from 31 March 2009. However, the Act, has been notified with limited sections only. The rules have been notified in the official gazette on April 1, 2009. The first LLP was incorporated in the first week of April 2009. 1. In India, for all purposes of taxation, an LLP is treated like any other partnership firm. 2. be limited to their agreed contribution in the LLP. 3.Further, no partner would be liable on account of the independent or unauthorized actions of other partners, thus allowing individual partners to be shielded from joint liability created by another partner's wrongful business decisions or misconduct. 4. LLP shall be a body corporate and a legal entity separate from its partners. It will have perpetual succession. Indian Partnership Act, 1932 shall not be applicable to LLPs and there shall not be any upper limit on number of partners in an LLP unlike an ordinary partnership firm where the maximum number of partners can not exceed 20, LLP Act makes a mandatory statement where one of the partner to the LLP should be an Indian. 5. Provisions have been made for corporate actions like mergers, amalgamations etc. 6.While enabling provisions in respect of winding up and dissolutions of LLPs have been made, detailed provisions in this regard would be provided by way of rules under the Act. 7. The Act also provides for conversion of existing partnership firm, private limited company and unlisted public company into a LLP by registering the same with the Registrar of Companies (ROC) 8. Nothing Contained in the Partnership Act 1932 shall effect an LLP. 9. The Registrar of Companies (Roc) shall register and control LLPs also. 10. The governance of LLPs shall be in electronic mode based on the successful model of the present Ministry of Corporate Affairs Portal. Chapter Assignments – 1. What are the tasks of Financial Management? 2. Discuss the salient features of the traditional approach to Corporation Finance. 3.Discuss the distinctive features of modern approach to Corporation Finance. 4. What is the normative goal of financial management? 5. â€Å"Financial Management is an integral part of the jobs of all managers. Hence it cannot be entrusted to a staff Department†. Discuss. 6. Discuss some of the problems the financial managers in a developing country like India have to grapple with. 7. Draw a typical organization chart highlighting the finance function of a company. 8. Which of the following functions should be the responsibility of a Finance Manager? i) Maintaining the books of account. ii) Negotiating loans with banks iii) Preparation of cost statements iv) Conducting of internal audit v) Analysis of new projects i) Ensuring that enough cash is available at all the branches and factories of the company. vii) Assisting the management in taking a decision regarding the quantum of dividend. viii) Negotiating under-writing agreements in case of new issues ix) Preparing the financial statements. x) Deciding about change in the policies regarding recruitment. xi) Decision on administrative practices. xii) Change in marketing and advertising techniques routine. 9. Which of the following statements are true? i) It is the job of the finance manager to approve all payments. ii) The finance manager has to keep a proper balance in the procurement and use of funds. iii) Acquisition of fixed assets is of no concern to the finance manager. v) It is always advisable to distribute the total amount of profit as dividend. v) Since it is crucial that all sections of the business have adequate cash, it is a good policy to give each sections of the business double the amount of cash that they normally require so that they can meet even emergencies. vi) Debentures and loans from financial institutions are very important sources of long-term fund s. vii) It is better if no credits are given to the customers since this would mean that no amounts are tied up in sundry creditors. viii) In a period of rising prices, it is better to stock as much as raw material as possible, irrespective of the cost of procuring funds. x) A proper capitalization ensures that there is a balance between long-term funds and short-term funds and also proper ratios are maintained between the various sources of funds. 10. Which of the following statements do you agree? i) Financial management is essential only in private sector enterprise. ii) Only capitalists have to bother about money. The bureaucrat is to administer and not manage funds. iii) The public administrators in our country must be given a basic understanding of essentials of finance. iv) A state owned Transport Company must immediately deposit in the bank all its takings. v) â€Å"Financial Management is counting pennies. We do not believe in such miserly attitude†. vi) â€Å"Finan ce function is important as any other function in an organization†.

Assignment: The New World Order

Abstract There is a global economic phenomenon currently occurring in which the major banking families have gained a monopoly over the world's economies. This phenomenon has raised suspicions which has led to the conspiracy theory of ‘The New World Order'. This conspiracy theory focuses on the questionable climb to power that the major banking families have achieved over centuries and the esoteric strategies that each generation has worked in line with to ultimately gain world domination through creating a global mono-nation.Contents Page Official strory The theory chosen and why The elites rise to power How they have stayed in that position and possible threats How they plan to carry out the rest of the plan The significance of the new world order to new zealanders Bibliography Extra information Official story There is a global economic phenomenon currently reoccurring in which the major banking and/or Corporate Empire families have gained a monopoly over the world's economies .These major banking families, also known as the global elite, consist of the Morgan's, Rockefellers, Carnegies, Warburg's of Hamburg, Kuhn Loeb's of New York, the Goldman Sachs, the Lazard's of Paris, and the Rothschilds of Paris and London (said to be the most influential). These families own almost all, if not all, the central banks around the world. They also control the large oil and energy empires. When a country's economy falls, or goes into a recession, these Banks and Empires are the ones who still earn immense profits and make the effort to buy the competition out.They are known to fund candidates for presidential and priministerial elections, and also participate in exclusive meetings involving the highest of society. This amount of power that the global elite have gained has raised suspicions, and with the extensive evidence collected it supports the conclusions that have been drawn. The conspiracy theory â€Å"A New World Order† has emerged explaining why this ph enomenon is occurring.This theory involves the global elite participating in an esoteric plan to take control of the world's monetary system, and energy sources, and reduce the world population by 80%. This means they will effectively gain complete domination over the world through creating a mono-nation. There are different versions to this one conspiracy theory where aspects like religion are emphasized and the plan is to rid the world of religion. There is aslo a common conspiracy theory where globalization is used to gain world domination, instead of the creation of a mono-nation.The creation of a mono-nation seems to correspond with the evidence collected, a lot more logically than globalization, and I have found that even though religion is slowly becoming a thing of the past, it is still strong in many cases and will not get pushed to the side too soon. So I have concluded that the conspiracy theory that most closely corresponds with the evidence found is that the global elit e are planning to take over the world's monetary system, and energy sources following an esoteric strategy that will lead to world domination through the creation of a mono-nation.The position of the global elite is explained using the pyramid structure add pic We ordinary humans, the tax payers, are at the bottom of this triangle being exploited, along with the environment around us. We carry out our daily lives putting up with what is occurring around us. We every day, common joes follow the laws that are put in place by the government which is funded by our taxes. This places the government above us. If the government needs money it turns to the central banks.Because of the shear size and power of some corporations, some being larger then some national economies and also due to the fact that corporations fund the political campaigns and influence the decided successor through lobbying, the government can only sit above human/normal people with corporatocracy sitting just above. T hese powerful corporations include Bechtel, Exxon Mobil owned by the Rockefellers, GE (General Electric), Monsanto owned by Pfizer, News Corporation owned by Rupert Murdoch, Pfizer owned by share holders which include Citigroup (the Rothschild's) and Deusche Bank (the Warburg's).Above corporatocracy is the Big Banks including Citibank's (Rothchilds), Chase (Morgan's), Bank of America, Goldman Sachs, Wells Fargo and HSBC ( Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation). These banks fund the corporations by offering loans at special rates. This allows the coporations to complete their goals. Further above the Big Banks are the National Central Banks, such as the Federal Reserve which is controlled by a mix of the elite, and the Bank of England which is known to be controlled by the Rothschilds. Almost all countries have a Central Bank (funded by the Rothschilds) which commercial banks are members of.These Central Banks control the amount of money is in circulation and also set interest ra tes. They are above the four lower levels because they loan money out to governments at interest. These National Central Banks rely on the International Central Banks, the IMF (International Monetary Fund) and the World Bank to make more money while exploiting the countries they lend to. The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) is right at the top of the pyramid because it holds a significant amount of control over the global financial system by setting the amount of money banks around the world need to have.BIS is controlled by the elite and holds around 10% of the monetary reserves from at least 80 of the world's central banks. BIS serves as the lender for the last resort to stop a global financial collapse . The start of the elite monopoly game is known to have begun at Mayer Amschel Bauer of house of Rothschild. How the elite came to power†¦.. The evidence collected centralized around the Rothschilds, Morgans and Rockefellers. A little focused on some of the others but didn't cover the history of all the families so the conspiracy theory is concentrated around the Morgans, Rockerfellers, and the Rothschilds. Give me control of a nation's money and I care not who makes it's laws. † – Mayer Amschel Bauer Rothschild Mayer Amschel Bauer (son of Moses Amschel Bauer, who was a money lender and the proprietor of a counting house) was born 1743 in Frankfurt, Germany. After the death of his father, his name becomes Mayer Amschel Rothschild. He created the Illuminati in 1776 with Adam Weishaupt, for the soul purpose to divide all non-Jews through all aspects including political, economical, and social. Incidents were to be provided to complete these plans.This first incident would be the French Revolution. The first attempt at this halted to a stop when the instructions to start the revolutions fell into Bavarian authorities' hands. To complete their first goal the Illuminati went to Britain, who ignored the Bavarian government's warning about the illuminati and their plan. so in 1789-1793 the French Revolution took place. The revolution allowed the bankers to make more money as the Roman Church had less control over taxes. With the success in Europe the Rothschilds went to America to move forward.With the help of their agent in George Washington’s cabinet (Alexander Hamilton) they created America's first central bank in 1791. The First Bank of the United States was established with a 20 year charter. The charter then runs out in 1811 and when congress votes against its renewal the Rothschilds become angry and start to work towards another US central bank. The French bank de Rothschild Freres is set up in 1812. During 1815, the Rothschilds gain control of the British economy when a new Bank of England was set up and controlled by the Rothschilds after Napoleon was defeated.By the end of the 1800s it was estimated that the Rothschilds owned half of the world's wealth. This period of time is known as the â€Å"Age o f the Rothschilds†. In 1814 the Rothchilds and the Warburgs were tied together, and that same year the first attempt at a one world government failed when the Tsar Alexander 1 of Russia refused to have a Rothschild owned central bank during the Congress of Vienna. Nathan Mayer Rothschild was enraged and swore he would kill the Tsar Alexander I's entire family and descendants. The Rothschilds gain control of Americas money again through one of their central banks in 1816.This control spiralled downhill when President Andrew Jackson started to remove money from the Rothschild's second Bank of the United States placing the deposits into banks directed by Democrats. The panicked Rothschilds constrict the money supply through BUS President, Nicholas Biddle (agent for the Paris-based Jacob Rothschild), and America is thrown into a depression. Enlightened President Jackson states, â€Å"You are a den of thieves and vipers, and I intend to rout you out, and by the Eternal God, I will rout you out. † There were two failed attempts to assassinate President Jackson.One assassin later bragged that the powerful people promised him that if he got caught he would be protected. That assassin was trialled and found not guilty by way of insanity. Before President Jackson died in 1845 he noted his greatest achievement, â€Å"I killed the bank†. Under Jackson's rule the US debt went to $0. 00 for the first, and last time. Even though the Rothschilds were unable to directly influence the USA, they were able to influence the USA through the House of Morgan, from 1838, who presided over the American finances from Wall Street and Broad.They were also able to use the Rockefellers who, in 1863, started to from the business Standard Oil. In 1873 Albert Pike, an American General, who was enticed into the illuminati, completes the blue prints for the world wars and revolutions. The differences between the British and the Germans was to be the spark to start the First W orld War, during which the promise made to the eliminate the Tsars was to be carried out. The Tsar was to be replaced with Communism. World War Two was to ferment controversy between Facism and political Zionism, bring hatred against Germany, and increase the power of Communism.The Third World War was to stir up hatred of the Muslims to get the Islamic world and the Zionists to fight against one another, all while remaining nations become exhausted after being forced to fight against one another. The Rothschilds' luck continued to go bad with US Presidents when Abraham Lincoln, seeing what the banks were doing, started to print his own money. This did not allign with the Rothschild's plan and Lincoln was assassinated. In the 1893 recession, the House of Morgan saved the US Government using Rothschild gold.Author Gabriel Kolko stated, â€Å"Morgan’s activities in 1895-1896 in selling US gold bonds in Europe were based on an alliance with the House of Rothschild. † In 18 97 the Zionist movement is founded by the Rothschilds who elect Theodos Herzl as the President of the Zionist movement. in 1909 Jacob Schiff founds the National Advancement for the Association of the Coloured People (NAACP). This society was crreated to promote a greater split between whites and blacks. In 1913 the Rothschild get their final Central Bank for America called the Federal Reserve.During World War One, the Morgans fund half of the US war effort. The Rothschilds fund both sides of the war effort. While the Germans were winning the war, their government offers Britain an armictice but the Rothschilds, being one step ahead, sent one of their people to tell the British that they will enter on Britain's side if Britain agrees to give Palestine to the Rothchilds. The Balfour Declaration is sent. America enters the war. The Allies win and all the while the promise made to the Tsar is kept and the Tsars are destroyed.During thhis time the Bolsheviks gain conttrol over Russia. Th e Council of Foreign Relations is founded by Bernard Baruch and Colonel Edward Mandell House, under the orders of Jacob Schiff. The CFR's first job was to gain control of the press. John D. Rockefeller was given the task and set up national news agencies such as Life and Time. Bank of International Settlements, the BIS, the first Rothschild world bank, is established in 1930. Rothchilds fund German war efforts and that of the Allies during World War Two. The IMF and the World Bank are established in 1944.In the spring of 1948, US President Truman recognised Israel as a sovreign state after being bribed by the Rothschilds duing his campaign. In 1963, President John F. Kennedy is assasinated after trying to give the US government control over it's currency without it passing through the Federal Reserve. By 1985 the Rothschilds are known to control all three leading US television news networks , NBC, CBS, and ABC. In 2001, the September 9/11 attacks, (another conspiracy theory linked t o the Rothschilds), are said to have been caused so populations will give up their liberty for a sense of security.Afganistan is one of the 7 countries at that time not to have a Rothschild owned Central Bank. The US attack Afganistan. When America invaded Iraq, Iraq was only one out of 6 countries that didn't have a Rothschild owned Central Bank, and also had an extensive water supply that Israel needed. In 2006 the French Rothchilds are the first foriegn banking family that gained China's approval to enter their financial market. Just last year there were reports that there were only 3 countries without Rothschild owned Central Banks: North Korea, Cuba and Iran. The real truth of the matter is, as you and I know, that a financial element in the large centers has owned the government of the U. S. since the days of Andrew Jackson. † – U. S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt in a letter written Nov. 21, 1933 to Colonel E. Mandell House These families have worked their way up the social and financial ladder using murder, intimidation and bribery. Using these same methods they have gained control over the world's monetary system. They have power over the non-renewable, natural energy sources, such as oil and gas.There is also evidence to suggest they are sabotaging developmental, renewable energy sources and they are still trying to suppress free energy. â€Å"This information coming out would completely change geo-political power more than anything in human history. † – Steven Greer, Disclosure and Orion Projects The conspiracy theory focuses mainly on the Rothschilds, but as most of these families are joined together through marrige, and deals, they are consequently all a part of these vile acts. The murder of 3 of the most well known US Presidents were at the hands of these global elite, Jackson, Lincoln, and JF Kennedy.They are skilled in bribery and manipulation, for example US President Truman was extremely influenced by these famil ies at the time they set up the Federal Reserve, showing that no person, no matter what their position, or country wants to go up against such powerful families. These aspects have allowed them to dominate our world's monetary system and the unrewable souces of energy such as oil (Rockefellers Standard Oil), nuclear and most electricity companies. Free energy relates to an energy that is clean, will always be able to be used and, most of all will be free to everyone. The implications are in plain sight.If everyone had free energy there would be no need for oil, or any of those other companies that have been exploiting us and our environment. There are many examples of these free energy machines that have been tested successfully but never see the light, as the scientists are suppressed. One of these examples is Haskell Karl, a free energy inventor who claimed that he had made a machine that worked and producded energy with only the use of air, called the AATE. In the early 1960s he took it to Wyle Testing Laboratory to be trialled. They could not understand how it worked and so asked if he could leave it with them over night.Haskell refused and took his machine home. He and his associate were to meet with President JF Kennedy to demonstrate the machine but before the meeting, Haskell's associates and the machine went missing. There was also a supposed deal with China which failed to go ahead when the main individual died of a mysterious heart attack. Scard Haskell went into hiding. Another well known scientist and inventor was Nikola Tesla who, financially supported by J. P Morgan, created the Wardwnclyffe Laboratory and its transmitting tower between 1901and 1905.The transmitter was, along with being the first radio transmitter, capable of transmitting power without wires to any point on the globe. This presented Morgan and the rest of the global elite with a problem. Morgan's famous comment about this was â€Å"If anyone can draw on the power, where do we p ut the meter? â€Å". The incomplete tower was demolished for war time security mesures in 1917. History and present day accounts are littered with these supressed inventions and inventors. It has gotten to the point where scientists are too scared to speak up.There are cases where inventors have been murdered or thrown into jail because they have threatened these powerful families with the creation of free energy, which could lead to their possible fall from power. I can only come to the thought that this conspiracy theory involves the creation of a mono-nation (one state, one set of rules, one government and no laws for the elite) rather than globalization (independent sovreign countries with trading between) through how they have already acted in the past. I have also found some of the ways the global elite are already starting to impliment this plan for a one world government with the reation of free trade agreements which join countries together. This also means that small com panies will miss out on the pay that they may have recieved if the big companies had to pay taxes. With the control of the media the global elite are able to fix into our minds what is normal and what is not. There used to be 88 media companies in America. Now there are 6 media companies that exist today. All 6 of these get their news from Reuters and the Associated Press. Reuters owns the AP, and the Rothschilds own Reuters. Effectively they have created the largest army possible.We get fed the information through the media without asking many questions, then when someone who does not agree with a certain thing speaks up they are pushed to the side. The global elite also have another agenda in their plan to create their mono-nation. In order to gain more power they have a goal of decreasing the global population by up to 80%. This would mean there are less people to exert their influence and control over. This would make it easier for them to remain in power, as there would be less people who might question their motives. There are a few areas where this population control agenda have arisen.The growing potency of GMO foods has been directly related to the lowering sperm counts in males globally. Women around the world have been sterillized without their permission. These are the few examples of how the global elite are slowly lowering the world population. Also around America ‘camps' have been erected to ‘fix the situation' of overpopulation. New Zealand is a part of the global elites' plan as well. Our history also contains an extensive amount of evidence that we are a part of the New World Order going right back to 1967. In this year a texas oil billionaire, Nelson Bunker Hunt, finds a huge oil source south of New Zealand.That same year Placid Oil is granted drilling rights in the Great South Baisin after Finance Minister, Rob Muldoon, recieves $US100,000 loan from Hunt's Placid Oil Co. In 1969 Onassis Oil calls for a council meeting to discuss a plan to monopolize the Great South Basin in Washington DC. The council members include John McCloy, Nelson Rockefeller, and David Rockefeller. A plan to control all New Zealand and Australian oil and mineral resources are outlined by McCloy. 1970 Onassis Oil start setting in place their plan by creating the AIFC (Australian International Finance Corporation) using ANZ (Australia and New Zealand Bank).ANZ is also a Rothschild owned bank. Also in 1970, Japanese business men (with strong connections to the global elite) move to New Zealand and with the help of Finance Minister Muldoon and others Mitsubishi and Mitsu buy rights to iron sands. Muldoon also helps Mitsu obtain the 320million cubic foot Kiangaroa Foresty contract with Carter Holt. By buying New Zealand's largest travel company, Atlantic and Pacific Travel, the Fletchers help extend the Rockefeller Travellodge operation.In 1971, Muldoon changes the law to allow Mafia-controlled banks to opperate in New Zealand when Onassi s and Rockerfeller began to buy influence for this New World Order. Connections are also made between Renouf in New Zealand United Corp and global elite. In 1972 Bob Seldon an associate of Gulf Oil helps to establish New Zealand's first international banks which include N. Z. I, Bank of New Zealand, Morgan Guarranty Trust, Morgan Grenfel and S. F. Warburg. This same year Norman Kirk is elected Priminister of New Zealand. n 1974 Norman Kirk, along with Gough Whitlam, begin to move against the Mafia Trilateralists which opposes the global elites' plans. Kirk introduced and applied a tough Anti-monopoly Bill and also, using price regulation and a wages policy, tried to redistribute income from the big companies to the labour force. Kirk also rejected the plan for Dunedin to have a second Aulminum smelter, setting himself up to gain more control over New Zealand oil resources through the Petroleum Amendment Bill. Kirk had also found out about the large resource of oil Hunt Petrolium had found while drilling in the Great South Basin.There was enough oil and gas resources that New Zealand would be eble to become self sufficient for years. These facts were kept quiet by the big companies to prevent the oil prices lowering, as this would not go with the plans of OPEC and Onassis for the Arabs to be achieved. During 1975 the elections are held with Rowling verses Muldoon. Muldoon wins after oil companies pour money in to support Muldoon's campaign through the National Bank of New Zealand (who's general manager is a member of the Todd Foundations; Investment Board Director Tudhope also Managing Director of Shell Oil andChairman Shell/BP/Todd foundations). In 1977 Muldoon travels to the US to meet with Rockefeller officials not the US Government. Petrolcorp is set up by Muldoon in 1978. Taxpayers pay for exploration costs while the big oil companies control the outlets. Muldoon also plans to to re-open National Parks for the exploitation of our minerals. 1981 New Zealand Oil & Gas (NZOG), with strategic holdings by Jones, Renouf and Brierley launches. Through the Pike River Coal Company NZOG controlled 80 million tonnes of coal.Wellington, Auckland, Christchurch and Hawkes Bay Gas is owned by Brierley. Shell/BP/Todd Foundations and Fletcher Challenge control Liquigas Limited. New Zealand was the first countary to install EFPOS (owned by the Rothschilds ANZ and Bank of New Zealand). Cash is rarely used as EFTPOS and the newer internet banking system has become more popular. The Rothschilds also own our National Rugby League, owned Ansett New Zealand airlines, and own the New Zealand Reserve Bank.Our current Priminister, John Key, used to work for Goldman Sachs and Merrill Lynch, and apparently one time when he got drunk, before he became priminister, he said that he was chosen to be the next New Zealand Priminister. Goldman Sachs have control over half of our media. In June, John Key signed an agreement with NATO (controlled and founded by the globa l elite). It also seems that our natural resources have come in to play again. Since John Key has been in power it was New Zealand's protestors that saved our National Parks being gutted out to find minerals.John Key's Speech to the New Zealand Institute of International Affairs, 26 May 2009: â€Å"The move toward a single economic market is an attempt to really integrate the investment protocols and also ultimately the behind the border issues that ultimately both countries face† An Asia-Pacific Union† â€Å"The medium term challenge for both countries is actually to be fully integrated into Asia† â€Å"Quite what the future opportunities will look like is not yet clear. But compared with 75 years ago the international landscape is vastly different, and in many ways more conducive to achieving the global solution the OECD Secretary-General called for. â€Å"We are engaged in an FTA negotiation with Korea. And, of course, we have just signed an FTA with the ten ASEAN nations, which potentially connects New Zealand to the embryonic single market in East Asia (CEPEA). New Zealand must be part of a web of bilateral and plurilateral trade links that are being established throughout the Asia-Pacific region. † â€Å"We need to be plugged into the security arrangements that govern peace and stability in the region. These are multilateral arrangements, but our bilateral security relationships in the region are also important.New Zealand has a strong interest in robust US engagement in the region. † â€Å"The Pacific Agreement on Closer Economic Relations (PACER) is the plurilateral framework that will underpin the future development of trade across the region. This agreement envisages a free trade agreement between Australia, New Zealand, and Pacific Island countries. † â€Å"When we met in March, Kevin Rudd and I set out an ambitious agenda of initiatives. To build prosperity, we want to break down barriers at the borders, w hether for investment, tourism, or for people flows.We want to erode barriers behind the borders, by exploring further harmonisation on climate change, science and innovation and domestic regulation where that makes sense. And we want to tackle barriers to prosperity beyond our borders, by promoting open markets and healthy capital flows around the world. When I go to Australia again in August, Kevin Rudd and I will review progress on those initiatives, and set new goals towards creating a truly single, economic market. The importance of that in raising New Zealand’s performance and productivity cannot be understated. â€Å"